Ukuba unayo COPD (isifo semiphunga esingapheliyo) ngokwakho okanye ukuba ukhathalele umntu okwenzayo, mhlawumbi unenkxalabo malunga neminyaka ekulindeleke ukuba uphile.
I-COPD sisifo semiphunga esinganyangekiyo esiye sibe mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ngelishwa, akukho unyango lweCOPD. Nangona kunjalo, kukho unyango olunokunceda ukuthoba isantya apho iimpawu ziba mbi kakhulu. Ngoko ke, olu nyango lunokuphucula umgangatho wobomi bezigulana. Njengezinye izifo, iingcali zisebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuqikelela ukuba ungaphila ixesha elingakanani neCOPD.
Imiselwa njani ixesha lokuphila leCOPD?
Ubomi obulindelekileyo bezigulane ze-COPD buyahluka kakhulu kuba zininzi izinto ezahlukeneyo ezibandakanyekayo. Umzekelo, ezinye izinto zixhomekeke kuwe iimpawu, iminyaka yakho, impilo yakho, kunye nendlela obeka ngayo kwinkqubo yeGOLIDE. Enye inkalo ebalulekileyo kukuba uye watshaya ebudeni bokuphila kwakho na yaye, ukuba kunjalo, ixesha elide kangakanani.
Ukuze kuhlolwe ubunzima beCOPD, oogqirha basebenzisa i-Global Initiative kwi-Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) inkqubo. Ngokukodwa, le nkqubo isebenzisa uvavanyo olunyanzelekileyo lokuphelelwa umoya (FEV1) ukubona ukuba ungakanani na umoya onokuwuphefumla ngamandla ngomzuzwana omnye emva kokuvuthela kwi-spirometer.
Ngokwenkqubo yeGOLIDE, kukho zigaba ezine zeCOPD:
- I-COPD ephakathi = IGOLIDE 1 (Ngaphezu okanye ilingana nama-80% FEV1)
- I-COPD ephakathi = IGOLIDE 2 (50-80% FEV1)
- I-COPD enzima = IGOLIDE 3 (20-50% FEV1)
- I-COPD enzima kakhulu = IGOLIDE 4 (Ngaphantsi kwama-30% FEV1)
Ukongeza, inkqubo yeGOLIDE ikwaqwalasela ezinye izinto ezinje ngeengxaki zakho zokuphefumla ezithile kunye nenani lokugqabhuka othanda ukuba nalo. Ekugqibeleni, okukhona aphezulu amanqaku akho kwisikali seGOLIDE, kokukhona uphantsi ubomi bakho beCOPD okulindeleke ukuba bubekho.
Lithini inqanaba leCOPD BODE?
Esinye isikali esisoloko sisetyenziswa ngokudityaniswa neGOLIDE sisikali seBODE. I-BODE imele isalathisi sobunzima bomzimba, isithintelo sokuhamba komoya, i-dyspnea (ukuphefumla), kunye nomthamo wokuzilolonga. Ngokukodwa, esi sikali sijonga indlela iCOPD yakho ebuchaphazela ngayo ubomi bakho kunye nendlela ofumana ngayo amanqaku kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya:
- I-BMI (isalathiso sobunzima bomzimba) -kuba ukuba neCOPD kunokubangela iingxaki kulawulo lobunzima
- Inqanaba lobunzima bokuphefumla - oku kubonisa ukuba unengxaki engakanani ngokuphefumla kwakho
- Ukuzivocavoca - umlinganiso wokuba uhambe kangakanani kwimizuzu emithandathu, ebonisa ukuba ungalawula kangakanani umthambo
- Ukuvaleka kokuhamba komoya – isikali seBODE sikwathathela ingqalelo iziphumo ezisuka kwi-FEV1 kunye nezinye iimvavanyo zokusebenza kwemiphunga ukuvavanya ukuba ukuqukuqela komoya kwakho kuthintelwe kangakanani.
Xa zonke izinto ziqwalaselwe, ugqiba ngamanqaku e-BODE phakathi kwe-0 kunye ne-10. Abantu abafumana i-10 baneempawu ezimbi kakhulu kwaye banokuthi babe nexesha elifutshane lokuphila.
Nangona izixhobo zovavanyo zeCOPD ziluncedo kwaye zinokunceda ukubonisa ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba ubomi buphilwe, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ziluqikelelo kuphela.
Ngaba i-COPD ithathwa njengesifo esinganyangekiyo?
ICOPD ayisosifo esinganyangekiyo kodwa sisifo esinganyangekiyo esiya siba mandundu ekuhambeni kwexesha . Nangona lungekho unyango lweCOPD, isigulo sinokuphumelela ephethwe ngakumbi ukuba iqatshelwe kwangoko.
Uphononongo lubonise ukuba umlinganiselo wehla umsebenzi wemiphunga kwizigulane zeCOPD unokuncitshiswa ukuba a ukuxilongwa lwenziwa kwizigaba zokuqala zesifo kwaye ukuba unyango lwezonyango luqala ngaphandle kokulibazisa. Ngapha koko, utshintsho lwendlela yokuphila lunokucothisa isantya apho iimpawu zeCOPD ziba mandundu. Ngokomzekelo, uphando oluthile lufumene ukuba ukuyeka ukutshaya emva kokuxilongwa kweCOPD kulibazise ukunyuka kwesi sifo. Nangona oku kwakunjalo kuwo onke amanqanaba eCOPD, izenzo zangaphambili zibe nempembelelo enkulu.
Ngaba unokuhlala iminyaka eli-10 okanye engama-20 ngeCOPD?
Ubude bexesha onokuthi uphile kunye neCOPD kuxhomekeke kwiminyaka yakho, impilo kunye neempawu. Ngokukodwa ukuba i-COPD yakho ifunyanwe kwangethuba, ukuba unenqanaba elincinci leCOPD, kwaye isifo sakho silawulwa kakuhle kwaye silawulwa, unokukwazi ukuphila iminyaka eyi-10 okanye engama-20 emva kokuxilongwa. Ngokomzekelo, uphando oluthile lufumene ukuba abantu abafunyaniswa benesigaba esincinci seCOPD, okanye isigaba seGOLD 1, babengenalo ixesha elifutshane lokuphila kunabantu abanempilo.
Oku kunjalo ngakumbi ukuba awutshayi: Olunye uphando lufumanise ukuba ubude bokuphila kunye neCOPD buncitshiswe ngakumbi kwabo batshayayo bakudala nabangoku.
Abantu abaneCOPD yenqanaba elibukhali, baphulukana neminyaka esibhozo ukuya kwesithoba yobomi obuqhelekileyo.
Yintoni enokunceda ukuphucula iminyaka yobomi beCOPD?
Ukuyeka ukutshaya kunokuba nefuthe elihle kubomi obulindelekileyo ukuba uyatshaya kwaye uneCOPD. Ngokomzekelo, uphando oluninzi lubonisa ukuba ababhemayo abane-GOLD isigaba 1 okanye i-2 (i-COPD emnene kunye nephakathi) ilahlekelwa iminyaka embalwa yokuphila kwiminyaka eyi-65. Ukongezelela, kuboniswe ngezifundo ukuba abantu abanezigaba ze-3 okanye ze-4. inzima kwaye inzima kakhulu) I-COPD ilahlekelwa ukusuka kwiminyaka emithandathu ukuya kwesithoba yokuphila ngenxa yokutshaya. Okuphawulekayo kukuba, le lahleko yobomi obulindelekileyo yongezelela kwiminyaka emine yobomi ephulukene naye nabani na otshayayo.
Ukuba awuzange utshaye, ungazinceda ngokuqinisekisa ukuba iimpawu zakho zilawulwa kakuhle kwaye usoloko uhlolwa. Ngokomzekelo, ukuhlolwa kwegazi rhoqo kunokunceda ukulawula ukuvutha kwaye kunokunceda ukuthabatha imiba enokubakho ngaphambi kokuba ibe mandundu.
Iindlela zokuphila ezilula ezinje ngokunciphisa umzimba, ukutya impilo, kunye ukuzilolonga ngokukhuselekileyo, xa kunokwenzeka, kunokukunceda ugcine umgangatho wobomi.
Kwiprople eneCOPD enzima, unyango njengonyango lweoksijini, utyando lokunciphisa umthamo wamaphaphu kunye nokufakelwa kwemiphunga kunokunceda ekwandiseni ixesha lokuphila.
Zifa njani uninzi lwezigulana zeCOPD?
Nge-COPD, imeko kunye nempilo yomntu wonke yinto yomntu ngamnye kwaye yodwa kwaye akukho ndlela enye yokutsho ukuba izigulane zinokubhubha njani. Nangona kunjalo, uphando oluthile lufumene ukuba kubantu abaneCOPD epholileyo, izizathu zokufa zihlala zizifo zentliziyo.
Ngokwahlukileyo, kwiimeko zeCOPD enzima, uphando luye lwabonisa ukuba izizathu ezinkulu zokufa ziquka ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo, ukungaphumeleli kokuphefumula, ukusuleleka kwemiphunga, i-lung embolism, i-heart arrhythmia kunye nomhlaza wamaphaphu.
Nangona kulungile ukuhlala unethemba kwaye ungagxili ekuswelekeni, ukuba imeko yakho iya isiba mandundu kwaye ibe mandundu kakhulu, kusenokwenzeka ukuba ugqirha wakho okanye umongikazi uyakukhankanya ukuthomalalisa kunye nokhathalelo lokuphela kobomi. Ngaphezu koko, ukuxubusha ngemeko yakho nogqirha wentsapho yakho kusenokukunceda wenze izigqibo uze unyamekele iimfuno zakho zokwenyama, zeemvakalelo, zasekuhlaleni nezokomoya. Njengoko ukhathalelo lokudambisa isigulana kunye nosapho lugxile, lunokunceda ukuthintela kunye nokukhulula ukubandezeleka.
Kwi-GAAPP, sifuna ukuxhobisa izigulana kuba wonke umntu ufanelwe ukuphila ngokukhululekileyo ngaphandle kokuba iimpawu zabo ziphazamise ubomi babo. Fumana ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga noMqulu wethu weziGulane Apha.
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