Ubungqina bobuNzululwazi bokuXhotyiswa kwezigulana zeCOPD sisigaba sesibini sethu Iprojekthi yokuXhotyiswa kwezigulane zeCOPDt, eyaqala ngokuphononongwa okucwangcisiweyo kunye nokulungelelaniswa kwezikhokelo zonyango zamazwe ngamazwe kwizigulane ukuba ziqonde lula.
Singaqinisekisa ukuba umgangatho wobomi kwiCOPD, ngokwembono yesigulana, ngulo:
- Ukugcina owona msebenzi uphezulu unokwenzeka kunye nokuzimela kwimisebenzi yemihla ngemihla.
- Ukwandisa amandla okuzinyamekela, ngokusekelwe kulwazi lwesifo sabo kunye nokuxhotyiswa kwabo.
- Ukugcina impilo yokuphefumla.
- Ukufikelela ekubuyiseleni ukuphefumla.
Ubuchule ngokwesiko bezijolise koku:
- Ukunciphisa ukuphindaphinda, ubude bexesha, kunye nokuqina kokunyuka.
- Uhlengahlengiso, ubuqu, kunye nokubekw'esweni kwempendulo yamayeza ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kunyango.
- Ukunciphisa amayeza okuhlangula.
- Ukuncitshiswa kweemfuno zokhathalelo lwempilo.
- Education
Ukuxhotyiswa kwezigulane zeCOPD: Ubungqina bezeNzululwazi kunye noMgangatho woBomi kwiCOPD
Kutheni ubungqina bezeNzululwazi bubalulekile kwisigulana
Ukuqulunqa ubungqina besayensi sesinye sezixhobo ezisisiseko zeyeza elisekelwe kubungqina kunye nophuhliso lwemigaqo-nkqubo yezempilo yoluntu. Lo msebenzi ubandakanya ubungqina bokukhokela izigqibo zezigulane zeCOPD, amalungu entsapho, abanakekeli, kunye noluntu kwaye usebenza njengesiseko sokuqulunqwa kwemigaqo-nkqubo yezempilo yoluntu kwimpilo yokuphefumula.
Iilwimi ezikhoyo ngoku zePDF kunye ne-infographics zi IsiNgesi kunye neSpanish. Ungatshintsha phakathi kwezo zi-2 usebenzisa imenyu yolwimi kwiwebhusayithi yethu. Ukuba ufuna le asethi iguqulelwe kulwimi lwakho, i-GAAPP iya kuyenza ngovuyo. Qhagamshelana nathi ku info@gaapp.org.
Indlela
Ngendlela entsha, lo msebenzi ujolise ekuxhaseni ukwenza izigqibo kwimpilo yokuphefumula, ngokusekelwe kubungqina obuchasayo kunye nobunyani bokuphila kwemihla ngemihla kwisigulane seCOPD. Siye samkela indlela yokuphonononga uncwadi olucwangcisiweyo olucetywe nguMuka [1].
Funda ngakumbi malunga nendlela yokusebenza kule link.
Le projekthi ijolise ekuxhaseni ukuthathwa kwezigqibo kwimpilo yokuphefumula esekelwe kubungqina besayensi kunye nobomi bemihla ngemihla yezigulane zeCOPD. Iqela lethu labathathi-nxaxheba abaninzi liye laphonononga, lakhetha, laza ladibanisa iimpapasho ezili-17 kwaye lazilungelelanisa kwizihloko eziphambili ezili-12. Jonga le miba ingezantsi kwaye ukhuphele i-asethi nganye kwiPDF ukwenzela ukuba ube lula kunye nokwabelana ngayo.
Umqulu wezigulane zeCOPD.
- Umgaqo 1: Ndifanele ukuxilongwa kwangethuba kunye novavanyo lweCOPD yam.
- Umgaqo 2: Ndifanele ukuqonda ukuba kuthetha ukuthini ukuba neCOPD kunye nokuba isifo sinokuqhubeleka njani.
- Umgaqo 3: Ndifanele ukufikelela kwezona nkcukacha zifumanekayo, ezenzelwe wena, ezisekelwe kubungqina. Ndidinga unyango ukuze ndiqinisekise ukuba ndizakuphila kakuhle kangangoko ndinako, ixesha elide kangangoko ndinako.
- Umgaqo 4: Ndifanele uphononongo olungxamisekileyo lwesicwangciso sam sonyango lwangoku, ukuba ndinokwanda, ukuthintela ukugqabhuka kwekamva kunye nokuqhubekeka kwesifo.
- Umgaqo 5: Ndifanele ukufikelela kwingcali yokuphefumla xa kuyimfuneko (nokuba ndibonelelwe esibhedlele okanye ekuhlaleni), ukulawula iCOPD yam, nokuba ndihlala phi.
- Umgaqo 6: Ndifanele ukuphila kakuhle kangangoko ndinako, nokuba ndineCOPD ngaphandle kokuba ndikhethelwe okanye ndizive ndinetyala.
Izindululo eziphambili ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zesigulana seCOPD.
- I-COPD yesigulana ukufunda nokubhala / imfundo yezempilo: imingcipheko, iintlobo zezifo, iimpawu ezihambelanayo, iimpembelelo zokuphila neCOPD, iimpawu ezilumkisayo, kunye nendlela yokuthatha inxaxheba ekuzinakekeleni.
- Ukufikelela kwizixhobo eziyimfuneko zokuxilongwa
- Ulawulo lomntu siqu, olusebenzayo olufuna ukugcina ukusebenza kwabo kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi babo.
- Ukuchongwa kunye nokungenelela kwezinto ezinxulumene nokunyuka
- Ukuxilongwa kwangaphambili kunye nokunyangwa kwe-exacerbations, ejoliswe ekuthinteleni iziqendu ezintsha.
- Ukufikelela kukhathalelo olukhethekileyo, oluxhaswa kusetyenziso lwetekhnoloji yedijithali kunye ne-telemedicine.
Khuphela le asethi:
Imbekiselo:
- Hurst JR, Winders T, Worth H, Bhutani M, Gruffydd-Jones K, Stolz D, Dransfield MT. UMqulu weSigulana weSifo esiNgapheliyo esiThintelayo sePulmonary. Adv Ther. 2021 Jan;38(1):11-23. doi: 10.1007/s12325-020-01577-7. Epub 2020 Nov 27. PMID: 33245531; I-PMCID: PMC7854443.
- Uxilongo oluchanekileyo:
- Ikhrayitheriya eyimfuneko 1A: Abantu ngabanye kufuneka babe nokufikelela kwi-spirometry eyenziwa ngabaqeqeshi bezempilo abaqeqeshwe ekusebenzeni kunye nokuchazwa kweemvavanyo zemiphunga ukuze kuququzelelwe ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo kweCOPD (zombini kwizibhedlele kunye namaZiko oNonophelo oluPhambili).
- Ikhrayitheriya ebalulekileyo 1B: Bonke abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-40 ubudala kunye nezinto ezinobungozi ezaziwayo zeCOPD, ezifana nokutshaya, ukuchasana nokusingqongileyo kunye nomsebenzi kuthuli oluphilayo kunye ne-inorganic, i-chemical agents, kunye nemiphunga echongiweyo ngeendlela zokufumana iimeko [51], kunye nabo babonisa iimpawu zokuphefumula. , kufuneka babe nokufikelela kwiimvavanyo zokuxilonga i-pulmonary function, iimvavanyo ze-imaging njengoko zifuneka kukuhlolwa komhlaza wemiphunga, kunye novavanyo lwe-biomarker.
- Imfundo eyaneleyo yesigulana kunye nomnakekeli:
- Ikhrayitheriya ebalulekileyo 2: Izigulane kufuneka zithole imfundo yobuqu efanelekileyo kwiimfuno zabo ngabanye kunye nokukwazi kwabo ngokwemiba yomngcipheko, ukuxilongwa, unyango, kunye nokulandelwa, kwaye babandakanyeke kwinkqubo yokwenza izigqibo kunye nezicwangciso zabo zokuzinyamekela.
- Ukufikelela kunyango lwezonyango kunye nolungekho lwezonyango ihambelana neengcebiso zamva nje ezisekelwe kubungqina kunye nolawulo olufanelekileyo yingcali yokuphefumula, xa kuyimfuneko
- Umgaqo obalulekileyo 3A Izigulane kunye nabakhathaleli babo - apho kufanelekileyo - kufuneka babe nokufikelela kwiimvavanyo zonyango ngexesha elifanelekileyo, ukuxilongwa, kunye nokungenelela, kungakhathaliseki ukuba kumaziko okanye kwiindawo zoluntu kunye neenkqubo zokunakekelwa kwempilo kufuneka ziseke inkqubo yokudluliselwa ethembekileyo kwizigulane eziguqukayo ukusuka kwinkathalo yokuqala ukuya kwiingcali zonyango kunye nokulaliswa esibhedlele. , xa kuyimfuneko.
- Ikhrayitheriya ebalulekileyo 3B Izigulana kufuneka zibe nokufikelela kwezona ndleko zisebenzayo kunye nobungqina obuchanekileyo obusekelwe kwi-pharmacologic kunye nonyango lwe-nonpharmacologic olusekelwe kwizikhokelo zeklinikhi.
- Ulawulo olululo lokwandiswa okuqatha:
- Ikhrayitheriya ebalulekileyo 4 Emva kokugqithiswa kweCOPD, izigulane kufuneka zihlaziywe kwiiveki ze-2 emva kokuqaliswa kwonyango lwe-non-hospital exacerbation okanye emva kokukhutshwa kwesibhedlele esinxulumene nokugqithisa ukuqinisekisa ukulungiswa konyango.
- Ukulandelela rhoqo kunye nesigulane kunye nomnakekeli ukuhlaziya isicwangciso sokhathalelo lomntu ngamnye:
- Iikhrayitheriya eziBalulekileyo 5 Nokuba imeko yeCOPD ithini na, zonke izigulana kufuneka zijongwe qho ngonyaka ngugqirha okhethekileyo.
Khuphela le asethi:
Imbekiselo:
- Bhutani M, Price DB, Winders TA, Worth H, Gruffydd-Jones K, Tal-Singer R, Correia-de-Sousa J, Dransfield MT, Peché R, Stolz D, Hurst JR. IiNgxelo zoMgangatho weSimo soMgangatho weNkqubo yezeMpilo yoTshintsho kwiSifo kunye noLawulo lweCOPD: Umbono wehlabathi jikelele. Adv Ther. 2022 Jun;39(6):2302-2322. doi: 10.1007/s12325-022-02137-x. Epub 2022 Epreli 28. PMID: 35482251; I-PMCID: PMC9047462.
- Izinto ezisingqongileyo kunye neemeko ezinokuthi zitshintshe ukukhula kwemiphunga eqhelekileyo:
- Ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kunokonyusa umngcipheko wokuphefumla, isifuba, ukudumba kwendlela yomoya kunye ne-bronchial hyperresponsiveness:
- Ukutshaya umama
- Ukungcoliseka kwendalo
- Ukutyeba kakhulu kunye nokutya kukamama (ukutya ngokugqithisileyo kwefolic acid kunye neeswekile zasimahla)
- I-Amniotic fluid, ubuninzi kunye neempawu (ubukho babalamli be-proinflammatory)
- Ubuntwana kunye nokufikisa
- Ngaphambi kwexesha kunye nobunzima bokuzalwa obuphantsi
- Isifuba somntwana
- Usulelo oluphindaphindiweyo lokuphefumla
- Ukutshaya/ukutshaya
- Isondlo kunye nokutyeba kwabantwana
- Ukungcoliseka kwendalo
- Umntu omdala oselula
- ukutshaya
- Ukuvezwa kweBiomass
- Ukungcoliseka kwendalo
- Ukutyhileka emsebenzini
- Ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kunokonyusa umngcipheko wokuphefumla, isifuba, ukudumba kwendlela yomoya kunye ne-bronchial hyperresponsiveness:
- I-Genetic (ii-genes ezinxulumene ne-COPD) kunye ne-epigenetic factor (uvelwano lokusingqongileyo luthanda ukubonakaliswa kofuzo okunxulumene neCOPD).
- I-COPD ihamba ngaphaya kokutshaya (ehlala ingundoqo kwimingcipheko yendalo esingqongileyo) kwaye inxulumene nezinto ezininzi ezinobungozi kwasekuqaleni ebomini, ukusebenzisana nemfuza yomntu ngotshintsho lwe-epigenetic olubangelwa kubomi bonke. Lo mbono omtsha kwiCOPD (iGenome × Exposure × Ixesha) ingasetyenziswa nakwezinye izifo ezininzi zabantu ngokwesiko zithathwa njengezifo ezinxulumene nokuguga.
Khuphela le asethi:
Imbekiselo:
Vila M, Faner R, Agustí A. Ngaphaya kweCOPD-cuba binomial: Amathuba amatsha othintelo kunye nonyango lwakwangoko lwesi sifo. Med Clin (Barc). 2022 Jul 8;159(1):33-39. IsiNgesi, iSpanish. doi: 10.1016/j.medcli.2022.01.021. Epub 2022 Mar 9. PMID: 35279314.
- Ubudlelwane phakathi kwesifo senhliziyo kunye neCOPD kunokuba sisiphumo soku:
- Imiba yomngcipheko eqhelekileyo (esingqongileyo kunye/okanye nofuzo)
- Iindlela eziqhelekileyo ze-pathophysiological
- Ukuhlalisana kwezi zifo zombini kubuninzi obuphezulu
- Iingxaki (kubandakanywa nokunyuka kwemiphunga) yeCOPD enegalelo kwisifo senhliziyo kunye
- Amayeza e-cardiovascular disease angenza ukuba i-COPD ibe mandundu kwaye ngokuphambeneyo.
- Umngcipheko we-cardiovascular in COPD ngokwesiko unxulunyaniswa nokwanda kobunzima besifo, kodwa kukho ezinye imibutho kunye ne-COPD subtypes, efanelekileyo: I-COPD enzima kakhulu (iintlobo zeGOLD B, C kunye no-D) i-exacerbators rhoqo, i-radiological subtypes (i-centrolobulillar emphysema, i-coronary vessel calcifications kwi-CT) kunye namaqela amatsha esifo.
- Nangona ukuxhaphaka kwe-CVD kuphezulu kubantu be-COPD, ukubonakaliswa kweklinikhi kuyahambelana kwaye kunokwenzeka ukuba akuxilongwanga., kubandakanywa ukukhangela kuyo kwandisa ukuxilongwa kunye nonyango, kwaye kukhokelela kwiziphumo ezingcono.
Khuphela le asethi:
Imbekiselo:
Balbirsingh V, Mohammed AS, Turner AM, Newnham M. Isifo se-cardiovascular in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: ukuhlaziywa kwengxelo. Thorax. 2022 Jun 30: thoraxjnl-2021-218333. doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-218333. Epub phambi koshicilelo. PMID: 35772939.
- Ukuboniswa kweCOPD kwabasetyhini kuneempawu ezithile eziyahlulayo kwiCOPD emadodeni:
- Abasetyhini abaneCOPD bakholisa ukuba bancinci
- Bagula kuba bengatshayi kangako
- Baneempawu ezininzi kwaye baphefumle ngakumbi kodwa banencindi ephumayo.
- Eyona nto ixhaphakileyo kwabasetyhini yayisisifo sombefu, ngoxa emadodeni yayisisifo seswekile.
- Uthintelo lwe-FEV1 lukhulu emadodeni.
- Umthamo wokuzilolonga kwabasetyhini abaneCOPD ubi kakhulu kwaye isalathisi sobunzima bomzimba wabo sisezantsi kunowamadoda.
- Xa kuthelekiswa iziphumo zamadoda nabasetyhini abaneempawu ezifanayo zeklinikhi kunye nenani labantu, ukusinda kukude kwabasetyhini kwaye i-prognosis idla ngokuba mandundu emadodeni, njengoko bebonakalisa izifo ezingakumbi kunye nomngcipheko wokufa ophindwe kabini xa kuthelekiswa nabasetyhini.
- Kuzo zombini izini, nangona kunjalo, into ebizwa ngokuba yi-obesity paradox kwiCOPD ibonakalisiwe, apho isalathisi sobunzima bomzimba ophezulu sidibaniswa nokufa okuphantsi kunomlinganiselo ophantsi wobunzima bomzimba.
Khuphela le asethi:
Imbekiselo:
Perez TA, Castillo EG, Ancochea J, Pastor Sanz MT, Almagro P, Martínez-Camblor P, Miravitlles M, Rodríguez-Carballeira M, Navarro A, Lamprecht B, Ramírez-García Luna AS, Kaiser B, Alfageme I, Casanova C, Esteban C, Soler-Cataluña JJ, De-Torres JP, Celli BR, Marin JM, Lopez-Campos JL, Riet GT, Sobradillo P, Lange P, Garcia-Aymerich J, Anto JM, Turner AM, Han MK, Langhammer A, Sternberg A, Leivseth L, Bakke P, Johannessen A, Oga T, Cosío B, Echazarreta A, Roche N, Burgel PR, Sin DD, Puhan MA, Soriano JB. Umahluko ngokwesondo phakathi kwabasetyhini kunye namadoda aneCOPD: Uhlalutyo olutsha lwesifundo se-3CIA. Respir Med. 2020 Septemba; 171:106105. doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2020.106105. Epub 2020 Aug 13. PMID: 32858497.
- Ifuna ukuveliswa kweendawo zonxibelelwano ngokuthatha inxaxheba kwazo zonke ii-arhente zenkqubo yokhathalelo lwempilo: izigulane kunye nezihlobo, abaqeqeshi bezempilo, abaphathi kunye nabalawuli bamaziko ezempilo, ababoneleli, imibutho yenkxaso yesigulane kunye neziseko, abanakekeli, njl.); zilungelelaniswe kwiimfuno zokwenyani zezigulane kunye nendawo ezihlala kuzo. Ngenjongo yokuphucula umgangatho wokuthembana, odlula isibhedlele esicocekileyo / i-ambulensi, indawo yobugcisa kunye nekliniki.
- Ukuthathela ingqalelo izinto ezimisela ukuthembela kwimiyalelo yokhathalelo lwempilo, intetho kunye nengqalelo kwiimfuno ezizivayo zezigulane, abakhathaleli, kunye nabasebenzisi beenkonzo zokhathalelo lwempilo bathanda ukwenza iindlela eziyimfuneko zifumaneke kubo, kunye nonxibelelwano olusebenzayo, olusekwe elubala, uvelwano kunye novavanyo olulungileyo lulonke lwempendulo kunye nokuthembeka ungenelelo.
- Ukufunda ngempilo kukukwazi komntu ukwenza imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo kwindawo yedijithali. Obu buchule bubandakanya ubuchule bokufumana, ukuphanda nokuhlalutya ulwazi, kunye nokukwazi ukuphuhlisa umxholo kunye nezindululo zoyilo, ngokusebenzisa imidiya yedijithali.
- Ukufunda ngedijithali kwenza ukuba kuqondwe kwaye kusetyenziswe ulwazi olukhoyo ukukhuthaza nokugcina impilo entle, exhasa ukuzilawula kweCOPD kwaye ichaphazele ngakumbi ulwazi lwesi sifo kunye nenqanaba lomsebenzi womzimba.
- Ukukhatshwa, uqeqesho kunye nesikhokelo (uqeqesho) kwezempilo, kunegalelo ekubambeleleni kunyango, ukuthathwa kwezigqibo ezilungileyo kwizigulane zeCOPD malunga nesifo sabo (uxhotyiso), kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi babo.
- Izakhono zoqeqesho lwezempilo kufuneka zibandakanywe kwiprofayili yoqeqesho lwabasebenzi bezempilo.
Khuphela le asethi:
Imbekiselo:
- Hass, N. (2022). El concepto de la confianza como valor social que sostiene el sistema sanitario público en España. Tendencias Sociales. Revista De Sociología, (8), 87-132. https://doi.org/10.5944/ts.2022.34262
- U-Shnaigat M, u-Downie S, u-Hosseinzadeh H. Ukuphumelela koNyango lwezeMpilo kwiZiphumo zokuziPhatha kwiCOPD kwiZiphumo zokuPhumela ngaphandle: ukuPhononongwa ngokuCwangcisiweyo. I-COPD. 2021 Jun;18(3):367-373. doi: 10.1080/15412555.2021.1872061. Epub 2021 Epreli 26. PMID: 33902367.
- Tülüce D, Kutlutürkan S. Impembelelo yoqeqesho lwezempilo ekubambeni unyango, ukuzimela, kunye nomgangatho wobomi kwizigulane ezinezifo ezingapheliyo ze-pulmonary. Int J Nurs Pract. 2018 Aug;24(4):e12661. doi: 10.1111/ijn.12661. Epub 2018 May 16. PMID: 29770542.
- I-COPD ichaphazela ngokungafanelekanga abona bantu bahlelelekileyo kunye nabo bahlelelekileyo
- Inani elikhulu leemeko zeCOPD ziyathinteleka: ukuthintela naluphi na uhlobo lwecuba okanye icuba, kunye nokuphucula umgangatho womoya ophefumlwayo, kuya kuzinciphisa kakhulu ezi meko.
- I-COPD sisifo esingaqhelekanga ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokubonakaliswa kweklinikhi.
- Ukuvezwa kwimiba yomngcipheko kumanqanaba okuqala kumisela umkhondo wokusebenza kwemiphunga kunye nethuba lekamva lokuphuhlisa iCOPD.
- Ukuxilongwa kufuneka kubandakanye iinqobo zeklinikhi ezandisiweyo: iimpawu zokuphefumula, imbali yomntu, imingcipheko, ukuthintela ukuhamba komoya okuqhubekayo okubhalwe yi-spirometry kunye neminye imisebenzi ye-pulmonary okanye iimvavanyo zokucinga.
- I-Spirometry iyodwa ayikwazi ukuchonga utshintsho lwendlela yomoya kwangoko okanye ukutshatyalaliswa kwe-emphysematous yezicubu zemiphunga, kwaye mhlawumbi ibona kuphela isifo esingenakuguqulwa.
- Ukuxilongwa kokugqithisa kufuneka kusekelwe kwimilinganiselo, imilinganiselo eqinisekisiweyo yobungqina bokunyuka kweempawu zokuphefumla.
- Ukugqithiswa kungahlelwa ngokwenqanaba leklinikhi, ibhayoloji, kunye nokuwohloka komzimba kube nzima kwaye kungabi bukhali.
- Unyango kunye ne-prognosis kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo eyona nto iphambili yomngcipheko kwisigulane ngasinye.
- Unyango lweCOPD alufumaneki kubantu abaninzi. Kuyimfuneko yokuziphatha ukuphucula ukufikelela kunyango olusebenzayo kunye nophuhliso lonyango olunyangayo okanye oluhlaziyayo.
- Ulawulo oluyimpumelelo lwe-COPD kusenokwenzeka ukuba luthandwe ngokuxilongwa kwangoko oko kuthathela ingqalelo ukungafani kwe-pathophysiological kunye nokubonakaliswa kweklinikhi yesifo kumntu ngamnye.
- Ukupheliswa kweCOPD kufuna isenzo esidibeneyo nesilungelelanisiweyo, ukuvumela utyalo-mali lwemithombo yemali eyaneleyo kunye nokudityaniswa kwemithombo yolwazi yawo onke amaqela abandakanyekayo: oogqirha, izigulane, abanakekeli, abaphathi bakarhulumente, ii-arhente zokulawula, ishishini labucala kunye noluntu jikelele.
Khuphela le asethi:
Imbekiselo:
Stolz D, Mkorombindo T, Schumann DM, Agusti A, Ash SY, Bafadhel M, Bai C, Chalmers JD, Criner GJ, Dharmage SC, Franssen FME, Frey U, Han M, Hansel NN, Hawkins NM, Kalhan R, Konigshoff M , Ko FW, Parekh TM, Powell P, Rutten-van Mölken M, Simpson J, Sin DD, Ingoma Y, Suki B, Troosters T, Washko GR, Welte T, Dransfield MT. Ngokubhekiselele ekuphelisweni kwezifo ezingapheliyo zemiphunga: iKhomishini yeLancet. I-Lancet. 2022 Sep 17; 400 (10356): 921-972. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(22)01273-9. Epub 2022 Sep 5. PMID: 36075255.
- Uvavanyo kunye nemfundo malunga nokusetyenziswa kwe-inhalers kubalulekile kulawulo lweCOPD.
- Uqeqesho oluphindaphindiweyo kwi-inhaler technique, eyenziwa ngumongikazi okhethekileyo, ukunyuka kokubambelela kunye nokwaneliseka kunye ne-inhaler kodwa ayizange iphucule umgangatho wobomi bexesha elide (iinyanga ze-6).
- Eminye imiba ephambili yesondlo kwizigulana zeCOPD:
- Ukutya okuqhekezayo
- Ukusetyenziswa kwansuku zonke kwamandla kunye nokutya okutyebileyo kweeprotheyini njengento ephambili ekuphuculeni imeko yesondlo, amandla okusebenza, kunye nomgangatho wobomi.
Khuphela le asethi:
Imbekiselo:
- Ahn JH, Chung JH, Shin KC, Jin HJ, Jang JG, Lee MS, Lee KH. Iziphumo zesixhobo sokuphefumla esiphindaphindiweyo sokuphatha imfundo kwizigulana zeCOPD: isifundo esilindelekileyo seqela. Sci Rep. 2020 Nov 12;10(1):19676. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-76961-y. PMID: 33184428; I-PMCID: PMC7665176.
- Nguyen HT, Collins PF, Pavey TG, Nguyen NV, Pham TD, Gallegos DL. Isimo sezondlo, ukutya okutyayo, kunye nomgangatho wobomi obunxulumene nempilo kwizigulana ezingalaliswayo ezineCOPD. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2019 Jan 14;14:215-226. doi: 10.2147/COPD.S181322. PMID: 30666102; I-PMCID: PMC6336029.
- Ubungakanani bomsebenzi womzimba wesigulane seCOPD sihambelana ngokuthe ngqo nemida ye-physiological ehambelana nesifo sakhe kunye nokuqhubela phambili kwexesha elifutshane kunye nokuxilongwa kwesifo.
- Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezisekelwe kumava okanye kwiziphumo ezichazwe ngesigulane, njengobungakanani bomsebenzi womzimba kunye nobunzima obufunyenwe ngexesha lomsebenzi womzimba, kunye neempawu ezihambelanayo, zibonelela ngokubeka iliso elingcono lomsebenzi womzimba ochaswe zizixhobo.
- Zombini uvandlakanyo lwezalathi zomsebenzi womzimba, njengenani lamanyathelo ngosuku, ziyasebenza, zithembekile kwaye zinovakalelo. ukuvavanya ukusebenza kwe-pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions kwizigulane zeCOPD.
- Unyango lwe-bronchodilator oluthatha ixesha elide, ngakumbi kunye ne-LABA/LAMA indibaniselwano, luhlala lusisiseko sonyango lweCOPD.
- Ukuhlolwa kwakhona kwesigulane kunyanzelekile. Oku kuvumela ukuchongwa kweempawu kunye nokungenelela okukwazi ukunyusa inzuzo kwisigulane esithile okanye i-subset yezigulane.
- Isibalo se-eosinophil segazi sisiphawuli esiluncedo ukuqinisekisa impendulo kwi-corticosteroids ephefumleyo kunye nokuthintela ukwanda kwexesha elizayo. kwizigulane ezithi, nangona unyango lwe-bronchodilator olwaneleyo, basabandezeleka kuzo.
- Iimeko zakwangoko ebomini ezichaphazela ukusebenza kwemiphunga zibaluleke kakhulu kuphuhliso lwamva lweCOPD ebudaleni.
Khuphela le asethi:
Imbekiselo:
- Demeyer H, Mohan D, Burtin C, Vaes AW, Heasley M, Bowler RP, Casaburi R, Cooper CB, Corriol-Rohou S, Frei A, Hamilton A, Hopkinson NS, Karlsson N, Man WD, Moy ML, Pitta F, Polkey MI, Puhan M, Rennard SI, Rochester CL, Rossiter HB, Sciurba F, Singh S, Tal-Singer R, Vogiatzis I, Watz H, Lummel RV, Wyatt J, Merrill DD, Spruit MA, Garcia-Aymerich J, Troosters T; I-Biomarker yeSifo seMiphunga esiNgapheliyo kunye noVavanyo lweSiphumo soNyango lweSifundo seQinisekiso loMsebenzi woMsebenzi woMzimba. Umsebenzi woMzimba oLinganiselwe ngokweNjongo kwiZigulana ezineCOPD: Iingcebiso ezivela kuMbutho wokuSebenza waMazwe ngaMazwe kuMsebenzi woMzimba. Ezingapheliyo Obstr Pulm Dis. 2021 Okt 28;8(4):528-550. doi: 10.15326/jcopdf.2021.0213. PMID: 34433239; I-PMCID: PMC8686852.
- UCelli BR, uSingh D, uVogelmeier C, uAgusti A. Iimbono ezitsha kwiSifo esiKhuselekileyo sePulmonary. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2022 Sep 6; 17: 2127-2136. doi: 10.2147/COPD.S365771. PMID: 36097591; I-PMCID: PMC9464005.
- Ulawulo olubanzi, lwezifundo ezininzi, kunye nolungelelwaniso lwezigulane zeCOPD yindlela esebenzayo kunye neyoqoqosho kumaziko anikezela ngononophelo oluhambelanayo, olusemgangathweni. Iziphumo zolu pho nonongo zibonisa ukuba ukuphunyezwa kwepakethe yokunakekelwa okusekelwe kubungqina kwizigulane ze-COPD sisicwangciso esisebenzayo sokunciphisa ukuhanjiswa kwesibhedlele kwi-30, i-60, kunye neentsuku ze-90.
- Isindululo sephakheji yokhathalelo sisekwe kwiingcebiso zeGOLD kwaye sikhulisa ukhathalelo kwiindawo ezi-5:
- Ukudibana nezigulana ezingaphandle:
- Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwemiphunga kunye nokutya.
- Unyango lomntu
- Bhedlele
- Ukubuyisela kwisimo sangaphambili kunye nokuhamba kwangoko
- Uvavanyo lokudakumba / ukuxhalaba
- Ukuhlolwa komhlaza wemiphunga ngokwemiba yomngcipheko
- Ukukhupha ukuhanjiswa kwamayeza
- Ukuzalisekiswa kweSicwangciso sokuSebenza, esichaza izenzo ezenzelwe wena kulawulo lwesifo sakho.
- Imfundo:
- Impilo yempilo
- Uqeqesho ekusebenziseni i-inhalers
- Iingcebiso ezichasene nokutshaya
- Utshintsho phakathi kokhathalelo:
- Ukudluliselwa kukuvuselelwa kwemiphunga
- Ukuthunyelwa kukhathalelo lwasekhaya kunye neenkonzo zempilo ezidibeneyo ezihambahambayo.
- Ukudluliselwa kumaqela enkxaso oluntu alaliswayo
- Ukulandelela emva kokulaliswa
- Ukutyunjwa kunye ne-pneumologist kwiintsuku ezi-7 emva kokukhutshwa esibhedlele
- Umnxeba wokulandela umnxeba ngaphakathi kwe-2 ukuya kwiintsuku ze-3 zokukhutshwa
- Ukudibana nezigulana ezingaphandle:
Khuphela le asethi:
Imbekiselo:
Kendra M, Mansukhani R, Rudawsky N, Landry L, Reyes N, Chiu S, Daley B, Markley D, Fetherman B, Dimitry EA Jr, Cerrone F, Shah CV. Ukuncipha kokufunda esibhedlele kusetyenziswa iBundle yoKhathalelo oluSekwe kubungqina. Imiphunga. 2022 Aug;200(4):481-486. doi: 10.1007/s00408-022-00548-9. Epub 2022 Jul 7. PMID: 35796786.
- Ukubuyisela kwisimo sangaphambili lelinye lamacandelo abalulekileyo olawulo lweCOPD. Iinkqubo ezihlala phakathi kwe-6 kunye neeveki ze-52 ziphucula kakhulu umgangatho wobomi bezigulane zeCOPD kunye nokunciphisa inani lokunyuka, xa kuthelekiswa nalabo abangayifumaniyo.
- Kukho ukungabikho kobungqina bokuchonga ungenelelo oluyimpumelelo ngokwenene kwimpembelelo yabo ekubuyiseleni kunye nomgangatho wobomi bezigulane zeCOPD emva kokungeniswa esibhedlele.
- Umthambo wokunyamezela kwentliziyo kubantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala kunye neCOPD uthande ukubuyiswa kwabo kokusebenza kunye nokuphucula ukunyamezela ukuhamba.
- Umngeni wokwenza utshintsho oluphawulekayo ngexesha elifutshane lokuvuselelwa kwezigulane kugxininisa ukubaluleka kokungenelela kwangaphambili, okusebenzayo ukunyusa ukuqina nokukhuthaza ukukhutshwa ekhaya kubantu abadala emva kokungeniswa esibhedlele okungacwangciswanga.
Khuphela le asethi:
Imbekiselo:
- U-Dong J, u-Li Z, uLuo L, u-Xie H. Ukusebenza kokuvuselelwa kwemiphunga ekuphuculeni umgangatho wobomi kwizigulane ezinezifo ezingapheliyo ze-pulmonary: Ubungqina obusekelwe kwizilingo ezilishumi elinesithoba ezilawulwa ngokungahleliwe. Int J Surg. 2020 Jan; 73:78-86. doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2019.11.033. Epub 2019 Dec 13. PMID: 31843677.
- Lambe K, Guerra S, Salazar de Pablo G, Ayis S, Cameron ID, Foster NE, Godfrey E, Gregson CL, Martin FC, Sackley C, Walsh N, Sheehan KJ. Impembelelo yezithako zonyango lokubuyisela kwisigulane ekusebenzeni, umgangatho wobomi, ubude bokuhlala, indawo yokukhutshwa, kunye nokufa phakathi kwabantu abadala kunye nokwamkelwa okungacwangciswanga: uphononongo lwamagqabantshintshi. BMC Geratr. 2022 Jun 11;22(1):501. doi: 10.1186/s12877-022-03169-2. PMID: 35689181; I-PMCID: PMC9188066.
- Ukuhlala kwiindawo ezinoxinano olusezantsi lwabantu, izitalato ezibanzi zabahambi ngeenyawo, ithambeka eliphantsi, kunye nokungakhuseleki okuphantsi kwe-NO.2 (i-nitrous oxide) inxulumene ngokufanelekileyo kwinqanaba lomsebenzi womzimba, ukuqonda umsebenzi womzimba, kunye nomthamo osebenzayo wezigulane zeCOPD.
- Izigulana ezihlala kwiindawo ezixineneyo, zihlala zihleli kwaye ube namandla okusebenza ngakumbi, ngakumbi ukuba kukho iimpawu zokudakumba.
- Ubukho bemithambeka engumnqantsa inyanyaniswa nomthamo omkhulu wokusebenza, kodwa hayi ngokwandisa umthambo.
- Ixesha elide NO2 (i-nitrous oxide) ukuvezwa kwayanyaniswa nendlela yokuphila yokuhlala phantsi, ubunzima kwimisebenzi yomzimba, kunye ne-dyspnea,
- Ukuvezwa kokusingqongileyo kwi-microparticles kunye nengxolo ayibonisi kulungelelaniswa nomsebenzi womzimba okanye umthamo wokuzilolonga.
- Ezi ziphumo zixhasa ukuqwalaselwa kwemiba yokusingqongileyo yemeko yekhaya ngexesha lolawulo lweCOPD kunye nokunyamekelwa kwezigulane ezinezifo ezingapheliyo ekuphuhlisweni kwezicwangciso zedolophu kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yokuthutha.
Khuphela le asethi:
Imbekiselo:
Koreny M, Arbillaga-Etxarri A, Bosch de Basea M, Foraster M, Carsin AE, Cirach M, Gimeno-Santos E, Barberan-Garcia A, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Vall-Casas P, Rodriguez-Roisín R, Garcia-Aymerich J. Indawo yasezidolophini kunye nomsebenzi womzimba kunye namandla kwizigulane ezinezifo ezingapheliyo ze-pulmonary. I-Environ Res. 2022 Nov;214(Pt 2):113956. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113956. Epub 2022 Jul 22. PMID: 35872322.
Iqela leengcali:
Iqela leengcali ezininzi zezigulane, oogqirha kunye nabaphandi kwiinkalo ezininzi:
- Iqela loLungelelaniso: UTonya Winders (uMongameli we-GAAPP), uLindsay De Santis (uMlawuli we-GAAPP), uVictor Gascon Moreno (iNkokheli yeProjekthi ye-GAAPP), uGqr Nicole Hass (iSithethi kunye noMcebisi wezobuGcisa we-APEPOC), uGqr Ady Angelica Castro (uPhando lwezoNyango CIBER ISCIII).
- Iqela lomsebenzi:UGqr Ady Angelica Castro (uPhando ngezoNyango CIBER ISCIII), uGq Isidoro Rivera (uGqirha wokuNakekela okuPhambili), uGqr Nicole Hass (iSithethi kunye noMcebisi wezobuGcisa we-APEPOC), uJuan Traver (ingcali yezigulana), u-Alfons Viñuela (ingcali yezigulane).
- Inkxaso yeendlela: UGqr Carlos Bezos (Iziko lamava esigulane, IEXP)
- Inkxaso kulawulo kunye neenguqulelo: IGlobal Allergy & Airways Patient Patient (GAAPP)
- Iqela lezigulana: Juan Traver, Consuelo Díaz de Maroto, Antonia Coalla, Elena Diego, Asunción Fenoll, Fernando Uceta, Justo Herraíz, María Martín, Alfons Viñuela, Javier Jimenez.
- Iqela lenkxaso elongezelelweyo (abaguli): UFernando Uceta, uJosé Julio Torres, uLuís María Barbado, uMaria Isabel Martín, uPedro Cabrera, uJose David Fernández, uMariluz Rodriguez, uJosé Antonio Olivares.
- Iqela lamalungu osapho lwesigulana kunye nabakhathaleli: Ángeles Sánchez, Iván Pérez, Julián Durand, Matilde Aparicio, Maria del Mar Moreno.
Le asethi yemfundo yenzelwe izigulana zeCOPD kunye nabanonopheli, ngenxa yomsebenzi wentsebenziswano:
Ngohlaziyo lweklinikhi:
Enkosi ngenkxaso yesisa ye
Iingxelo:
[1] Muka T, Glisic M, Milic J, Verhoog S, Bohlius J, Bramer W, Chowdhury R, Franco OH. Isikhokelo se-24 malunga nendlela yokuyila, ukuqhuba, kunye nokupapasha ngempumelelo ukuhlaziywa okucwangcisiweyo kunye nohlalutyo lwe-meta kuphando lwezonyango. Eur J Epidemiol. 2020 Jan;35(1):49-60. doi: 10.1007/s10654-019-00576-5. Epub 2019 Nov 13. PMID: 31720912.