Isifo esinganyangekiyo semiphunga (COPD) ligama elinikwe kwiimo zeemeko ezinzulu zemiphunga ezichaphazela umoya. Yenza ukuba umoya ohamba umoya ube mncinci, uphazamiseke, kwaye udume, okwenza kube nzima ukuphefumla. Esinye sezizathu eziphambili zeCOPD kukutshaya, okanye ukubhencwa kukutshaya okutsha, okunokuba nefuthe elibi ekusebenzeni kwemiphunga. 

Kutheni ukutshaya kungunobangela ophambili weCOPD?

Ukutshaya kubandakanya ukuphefumla umsi wecuba, othi ungene emiphungeni uze ubangele umonakalo. Ukuya kuthi ga kwi-70 yeekhemikhali eziqulethwe kumsi wecuba zaziwa njenge-carcinogens (izinto ezikhuthaza umhlaza), kwaye zingonakalisa iindlela zakho zomoya kunye neengxowa zomoya ezincinci - ezibizwa ngokuba yi-alveoli - ezifumaneka kwimiphunga yakho.   

Ukongeza kokubangela i-COPD, ukutshaya kubangela eminye imiba yezempilo, echaphazela impilo yakho yonke, amajoni akho omzimba, kunye nomgangatho wobomi bakho kunye nokwandisa umngcipheko wakho wokubetha, isifo senhliziyo, kunye neentlobo ezininzi zomhlaza. Ukuba uyatshaya, cinga ukuthetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuyeka ukutshaya kunye nezinye iindlela zokuphucula impilo yakho jikelele.

Ukuba ubutshaya ngeminyaka yakho yokufikisa okanye ubukhe wachaphazeleka kumsi otshaywe ngawo xa wawusengumntwana, usenokuba nengxaki yokukhula kancinci kwemiphunga kunye nokukhula. Oku kunokunyusa umngcipheko weCOPD xa sele umdala. 

Bangaphi abantu bakho abatshayayo abafumana i-COPD?

E-US, amanani abonisa ukuba ukutshaya kubangela i-79% yazo zonke iimeko ze-COPD. Yimeko efanayo e-UK, apho ikota yokufa kwabantu abatshayayo ibangelwa yi-COPD. 

I-COPD yimeko yexesha elide echaphazela malunga nezigidi ezingama-251 zabantu kwihlabathi liphela. Amanani ade abonise ukuba ngo-2030, i-COPD ingaba ngunobangela wesithathu okhokelela ekufeni emhlabeni. 

Ngaba bonke abantu abatshayayo banayo i-COPD? 

Ayingabo bonke abatshayayo - kwanabo batshaya kakhulu - abaneCOPD. Enyanisweni, uphando lubonisa ukuba phantse isinye kwisithathu seemeko zenzeka kubantu abangazange batshaye. Kungenxa yokuba ezinye izinto zinokubandakanyeka kuphuhliso lweCOPD. 

Ezinye izizathu zeCOPD

COPD ikhula njengesiphumo somonakalo wexesha elide kwimiphunga ebangela ukuba icutheke, idumbe kwaye iphazamiseke. Ngaphandle kokutshaya, ezinye izizathu zibandakanya: 

  • Imbali yosapho yesifo esinganyangekiyo semiphunga 
  • Ukuboniswa kongcoliseko lomoya, uthuli, umsi, okanye imichiza
  • Izifo ezenzeka rhoqo esifubeni sabantwana ezishiya imiphunga inamanxeba 
  • Ubudala - i-COPD kunokwenzeka ukuba ikhule emva kweminyaka engama-35.

Imeko yemfuzo enqabileyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-alpha-1-antitrypsin ukunqongophala ichaphazela malunga nomntu omnye kwi-100 kwaye ibenza babe sesichengeni seCOPD besebancinci, ngakumbi ukuba bayatshaya. I-Alpha-1 i-antitrypsin yinto ehlala ikhusela imiphunga, kwaye ngaphandle kwayo ibashiya besengozini yokulimala. 

Uphando lwamva nje lukwacebisa ukuba neendlela zomoya ezincinci ezinxulumene nobungakanani bemiphunga zinokushiya abantu bethambekele kumandla okuphefumla asezantsi kunye nomngcipheko owandayo weCOPD. 

Yintoni eyenzekayo xa utshaya kunye neCOPD?

Ukuba ufunyaniswe ukuba uneCOPD, ugqirha wakho wosapho uya kukucebisa ukuba uyeke ukutshaya. Oku kukunika elona thuba lilungileyo lokunyanga nokulawula iCOPD yakho iimpawu. Olunye uphando lufumene ukuba ukuyeka ukutshaya kunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokulaliswa esibhedlele kunye nokufa kwizigulane zeCOPD, kwaye abantu ababetshayayo babeneziphumo ezingcono kakhulu kunabo baqhubeka betshaya emva kokutshaya. ufunyaniswe ukuba uneCOPD. 

Ukuba awukwazi ukuyeka ukutshaya okanye ungafuni ukuyeka ukutshaya, unokufumanisa ukuba ukutshaya kuyandisa iimpawu zakho zeCOPD kwaye kubangele ukuphazamiseka. Oku kunokunyusa umngcipheko wokungeniswa esibhedlele ukuze ufumane unyango olongezelelekileyo, kuchaphazele umgangatho wobomi bakho, kwaye kunciphise ubude bokuphila kwakho.

Unokuhlala ixesha elingakanani neCOPD kwaye usatshaya?

Kunzima ukuqikelela ngokuthe ngqo ukuba ungaphila ixesha elingakanani kunye neCOPD kwaye usatshaya. Kuxhomekeka kubuninzi bezinto, kubandakanya ukuba leliphi inqanaba i-COPD yakho ekuyo, nayiphi na eminye imiba yezempilo onayo, kunye nokuba utshaya kangakanani. 

Izifundo ezininzi zibonise ukonyuka okuqinisekileyo kumngcipheko wokufa kwabantu abaneCOPD abatshayayo xa kuthelekiswa nabo bangatshayiyo. Uphononongo lucebisa ukuba abo bakwinqanaba lokuqala okanye lesibini (ephakathi nephakathi) ICOPD abatshayayo baphulukana neminyaka embalwa yobomi beminyaka engama-65. Kwabo banenqanaba lesithathu okanye lesine (elibi kwaye liqatha kakhulu) COPD, baphulukana ukusuka kwisithandathu ukuya iminyaka elithoba yokuphila ubomi ngenxa yokutshaya. Oku kongezelela kwiminyaka emine yobomi ephulukene nomntu otshayayo. 

Ukuba unemibuzo malunga nendlela umkhuba wakho wokutshaya weCOPD uya kuthintela ngayo ubomi bakho, thetha nogqirha wakho. 

Uyithintela njani i-COPD

Enye yeendlela ezilungileyo zokuthintela i-COPD ayikokutshaya okanye ukuvezwa kukutshaya okulandelayo, njengoko kunokubangela umonakalo omkhulu kwiindlela zakho zomoya kunye nemiphunga. 

Kodwa njengoko i-COPD ngamanye amaxesha inokubangelwa zezinye izinto, ezinje ngemfuza kunye nosulelo lwemiphunga ebuntwaneni, akusoloko kulula ukunqanda imeko nganye. 

Nokuba zithini na iimeko, ukuxilongwa kwangethuba kunye nonyango olufanelekileyo kwiimfuno zakho kunokuthintela umonakalo ongaphezulu ekubeni ungabangelwa kwimiphunga yakho.

Ungayiphatha njani i-COPD

Okulusizi kukuba, akukho nyango lweCOPD njengoko umonakalo osele wenzekile awunakutshintshwa. Nangona kunjalo, isifo sinokulawulwa kwaye siphathwe ukunceda ukukhusela umonakalo ongakumbi kunye nokuphucula iimpawu zakho kunye nomgangatho wobomi. 

Unyango oluza kuludinga luya kuxhomekeka kwinqanaba lakho leCOPD kunye nendlela ekuchaphazela ngayo iCOPD. 

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