Ukuba izinto ezikhuthazayo ezinje ngokubanda, ubushushu, uxinzelelo, ukungqubana okanye ukukhanya kubangela iinyosi, umntu uthetha nge-urticaria ebonakalayo okanye ngokuthe ngqo kubanda, ubushushu, uxinzelelo, njl.
Ngoko uyahluka phakathi kweefom ezincinci zilandelayo:
- I-Urticaria factitia
- Ingqele
- Ubushushu be-urticaria
- Urticaria yelanga
- Uxinzelelo lwe-urticaria
- Ukungcangcazela urticaria
Kuzo zonke iifom ezisezantsi ze-urticaria yomzimba, i-hives kunye nokubetha, kunye nezinye izikhalazo ze-urticaria zenzeka ngokuphendula ukuvuselela umzimba, umzekelo, ukubanda okanye uxinzelelo. I-urticaria yomzimba kufuneka yenzeke kuphela emva koqhagamshelwano phakathi kwesikhumba kunye nokunyanzeliswa komzimba ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokuba i-urticaria yenzeka kuphela kwiindawo ezicatshukileyo zesikhumba.
I-Urticaria factitia
Igama elithi "factitia" livela kwisiLatin kwaye livela kwigama elithi "facere", elithetha "ukwenza". I-Urticaria factitia ke "yenziwa i-urticaria". I-Urticaria factitia ibangelwa kukurabha, ukukrwela, okanye ukukhuhla kulusu. Oku ikakhulu kuchaphazela abantu abadala abancinci. Isiqingatha sabo bonke abantu abachaphazelekayo sisifo esinganyangekiyo se-urticaria, ubuncinci okwethutyana, iimpawu ze-urticaria factitia.
Apha, uvavanyo lulula kakhulu: ukuba i-spatula okanye nokuba nje ngozipho lutsaliwe kulusu ngoxinzelelo olunobunono, ukudumba kubonwa ngokuchanekileyo kwiindawo ebeziphantsi koxinzelelo ngale ndlela. Le nto ikwabizwa ngokuba yidermographism, njengoko kunokwenzeka ukuba ubhale ngolu hlobo kulusu.
Abacebisi
Eyona Iimpawu ze-urticaria i-factitia yimitshato eguqukayo, ukuba bomvu kunye nokurhawuzelela. Ngokungaqhelekanga, ukubetha, ukuluma, kunye nokuziva ubushushu kunokwenzeka. Izilonda zolusu azizange zenzeke ngokuzenzekelayo, kodwa kuphela kwiindawo apho iimpahla ezixineneyo ziye zahlikihla ulusu okanye apho isigulana sikrwebile khona. Amandla emikhosi ayimfuneko okubangela ayahluka kakhulu. Kwiimeko zabanye abaguli kuthatha kuphela ukuxukuxa, kwezinye iimeko kufuna ukukrwela okunzima ukwenza izilonda kulusu.
Emva kokurabha okanye ukukrwela ulusu kukho iareddUkuncitshiswa kolusu (ngenxa yokunyuka kwegazi) nasemva kokoeddened isangqa esiya ngaphaya kwenqaku, apho ivili lenza khona kwaye kubetha yenzeka. Ekuqaleni, ivili lisabomvu. Nangona kunjalo, ijika ibe mhlophe kwaye emva kwemizuzu embalwa umfanekiso weklinikhi ugqityiwe: Iwheel elimhlophe elilumkileyoeddened Isangqa esolula kancinci ngaphaya kwamanqaku okuqala. Emva kwexesha elincinci ubomvu buyehla kancinci. Emva koko ukurhawuzelela kuba buthathaka kwaye shwaka kunye ivili.
unyango
Kukho kuphela iindlela zonyango ezinqongopheleyo ezikhoyo. Kubalulekile ukuphepha ukukhuthaza. Kulumkele ukunxiba iimpahla ezikubambayo, ezikruqulayo, nezomileyo kunye neebhanti eziqinileyo. Ukongeza, kufanelekile ukuyeka amayeza athile anjenge-antipyretic analgesics (aspirin, ibuprofen, diclofenac), penicillin, kunye ne-codeine. Ngokwamayeza, i-urticaria factitia ihlala ilawulwa kakuhle nge-antihistamines. Ukurhawuzelelwa ebusuku kubonakalisa eyona minqobo ibalulekileyo kubomi. Ukuhlala kancinci (ukwenza ukudinwa) i-antihistamines ethathwe ngaphambi kokuba ulale okanye i-antipruritic creams inokunceda apha.
Ingqele
Abacebisi
Phakathi kweendlela zomzimba we-urticaria, i-urticaria ebandayo, malunga ne-15%, ayiqhelekanga. Kumazwe abandayo (iScandinavia) ixhaphake kakhulu. Abasetyhini bachaphazeleka ngokuphindwe kabini kunamadoda. Ingqele, nangona kunjalo, phantse isoloko ingapheliyo kwaye ithatha umlinganiselo weminyaka emihlanu ukuya kwesixhenxe. Kwiimeko ze-urticaria ebandayo, ukudibana nezinto ezibandayo okanye amanzi abandayo okanye umoya kubangela ukukhululwa kwe-histamine kwindawo apho kubanda kuchaphazela ulusu. Kwimizuzu nje embalwa, ubomvu, ukudumba, kunye nokurhawuzelelwa kakhulu kubangela. Ikhosi yesifo ihluke kakhulu; kwezinye iimeko sele kubangelwa utshintsho kwiqondo lobushushu-xa iqondo lobushushu lisuka eshushu ukuya kubanda-kwamanye ubushushu bangaphandle kufuneka lehle ngaphantsi kwexabiso elimiselweyo, kwaye abanye sele befumana iimpawu xa besela into ebandayo okanye besitya ice cream.
Iimpawu zesikhumba azithandeki kodwa aziyongozi. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iindawo ezinkulu zolusu zivelisiwe kukukhuthaza okubandayo, umzekelo ngokuntywila emanzini abandayo, kukhutshwa isixa esikhulu se-histamine. Iziphumo zonyusa izinga lokubetha kwentliziyo, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi, ukuphefumla okufutshane kunye nokuhlaselwa ngumjikelo wokujikeleza kwegazi-kwimeko embi, ngohlobo lokothuka kwe-anaphylactic.
Kutshanje, oko kubizwa ngokuba zizilingo kuye kwenzeka. Ezi zenziwa ngesixhobo esikhethekileyo sokuvavanya ukubanda esikwaziyo ukumisela ngokuchanekileyo, ngaphakathi kweqondo lobushushu le-zero ukuya kwi-45 degrees, iqondo lobushushu apho kubanda khona i-urticaria ebandayo kwizigulana.
unyango
I-urticaria ebandayo ihlala ibangelwa zizifo ezosulelayo. Ngamanye amaxesha ezinye i-allergen okanye i-stimuli inokubangela iimpawu ezifanayo, phakathi kwezinye izinto, izongezo zokutya (umz. Umbala), iziyobisi, izityalo, iinwele zezilwanyana, iziqhamo kunye nemifuno, ukutshiza kwezinambuzane, uxinzelelo kulusu, ukuzilolonga komzimba. Ezi zinto zinokubangela, njengoko ubona, zinokwahluka kakhulu, ke ukukhangela ukuvuseleleka kunokuba nzima kakhulu.
Kuba izifo ezosulelayo zihlala zivela kunye ne-urticaria ebandayo, ii-antibiotics zinokuba luncedo ngokubanzi; kufuneka kwenziwe idosi ephezulu ngokwaneleyo (mhlawumbi njengokufakwa). Ukongeza, i-antihistamines yempawu kunye ne-leukotriene antagonists iyasetyenziswa.
Unyango ekuthiwa lukhuni lunokusetyenziswa njengonyango olungenayobisi. Unyango olunzima (ukungafuneki kwemeko ebandayo), izigulana zichaphazeleka kumaqondo obushushu apholileyo kunye neebhafu; oku kwenzelwe ukubenza bakuqhele ukubanda.
Ukuthintela, iimpahla ezifudumeleyo, eziqinileyo, kunye nesikhumba, kuquka iiglavu, iikawusi kunye nezihlangu ezifudumeleyo, ziyacetyiswa. Iindawo ezingagqunywanga ebusweni kunye namanye amalungu omzimba angaphandle njengezandla kufuneka ziqatywe ngekhrimu enamafutha. Ikhithi engxamisekileyo yokukhusela ubomi bezigulane ekudumbeni okusongela ubomi bomqala (okubangelwa kukutya okubandayo kunye neziselo) iyafumaneka.
Ubushushu be-urticaria
Abacebisi
Ubushushu be-urticaria bufana ne-urticaria ebandayo; nangona kunjalo, inqabile kakhulu. Kukho mhlawumbi ukwanda kovakalelo lweeseli zemast kubushushu, nangona unobangela ungekaziwa. Izinto ezibangelayo zizinto ezishushu okanye umoya oshushu. Ubushushu obubalulekileyo buyohluka kwaye busuka kuma-38 °C ukuya kuma-50 °C.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-wheals kunye nokubomvu kwesikhumba kwenzeka kuphela xa ulusu ludibene nomthombo wokushisa. Iimpawu zihlala zihleli nje kancinci.
Ukuxilongwa kungenziwa ngovavanyo lobushushu. Ngokunxibelelana nolusu lwengqamu ngombhobho wovavanyo ozaliswe ngamanzi kubushushu obungu-38-44 ° C. Amavili avela emva kwemizuzu emi-5 ukuya kweli-10 kwimeko yohlobo olukhawulezileyo, emva kweeyure kwimeko yohlobo lwasemva kwexesha.
unyango
Ukuthintela ubushushu. Iprophylactic, ixesha elide, unyango lweempawu kunye ne-antihistamines zale mihla zihlala ziphumelela. Unyango olungena nyango ngaphandle kweziyobisi, olo lubizwa ngokuba lukhuni unyango, lunokusetyenziswa apha. Xa kunyanzelwa unyango, izigulana zichaphazeleka ngokuphindaphindiweyo kubushushu ukufezekisa indawo yokuhlala.
Urticaria yelanga
Abacebisi
Ukukhanya kwe-urticaria okanye i-urticaria yelanga yenye yezona zinto zixhaphakileyo emzimbeni. Eyaziwa njenge- "sun allergy". Kwimeko ye-urticaria yelanga, amavili kunye nokurhawuzelela okuphawuleka kwi-urticaria kubangelwa kukukhanya, ngakumbi ukukhanya kwelanga.
Abasetyhini bahlala bechaphazeleka kwi-urticaria yelanga kunamadoda.
I-urticaria yelanga ichaphazela ikakhulu abantu abancinci abaneminyaka engama-30 ubudala. Kodwa kukwakho iimeko apho abantu abadala kakhulu bakhulisa olu hlobo lwe-urticaria. Ixesha lesifo eliqhelekileyo limalunga neminyaka emi-4 ukuya kwengama-6, kodwa nesifo sexesha leminyaka elichaziweyo sichazwe kwimeko nganye. Isinye kwisihlanu sezigulana ezine-urticaria yelanga ngaxeshanye siphethwe yenye indlela ye-urticaria, enje nge-urticaria factitia okanye i-urticaria yobushushu.
Imizuzwana okanye imizuzu emva kokuvezwa kwi-UVA, i-UVB, okanye ukukhanya okubonakalayo, iinyosi ezirhawuzelayo ziveliswa kulusu olwavezwa kukukhanya. Rhoqo, imihlathi iyenzeka kude kube ziiyure emva kokuvezwa lilanga. Ulusu olukhuselwe ngokupheleleyo kukukhanya luhlala lungekho kwiimpawu. Nangona kunjalo, iimpahla ezilula zihlala zingayigcini imitha ye-UVA kunye nokukhanya okubonakalayo, ukuze kwenzeke ukuba i-urticaria yelanga yenzeke nakwiindawo "ezigqunyiweyo" zomzimba.
Usebenzisa iimvavanyo ezilula, umntu unokufumanisa ukuba abantu abachaphazelekayo basabela kuphela kwinxalenye yesibane sokukhanya, okt, nokuba ngaba banolwazelelelo kwimitha engaphakathi kwinqanaba elithile lobude.
Phantse i-60% yezigulana ezinokukhanya kwe-urticaria azikwazi ukunyamezela ukukhanya okubonakalayo, malunga ne-30% iphendula kuphela kwimitha engabonakaliyo ye-UVA (340-400 nm wavelength), kunye nokunganyamezelani kwemitha ye-UVB (280-320 nm) kunqabile ngakumbi.
unyango
Ukuchongwa kwe-urticaria yelanga kunokwenzeka ngovavanyo oluchanekileyo lokukhanya. Kule meko, ulusu lukhanyisiwe ngokukhanya kwama-wavevels ahlukeneyo ukumisela uluhlu lwe-wavelength ebangela i-urticaria. Uvavanyo lwenziwa ngokubizwa ngokuba “zizinyuko ezikhanyayo” kulusu olungafane lukhanyiswe lilanga, njengasemva okanye iimpundu. Isizathu okanye indlela ngqo apho uhlaselo lwe-urticaria lubangelwa kukukhanya kwe-irradiation kwizigulana ezinesifo se-urticaria yelanga akukacaci. Umntu unokuzama ukuthintela ukuqhambuka kwe-urticaria ngokukhusela umntu ogulayo ekukhanyeni okanye ukunciphisa iimpawu.
Eyona ndlela ilula kukuba i sunscreens nge-SPF ephezulu kunye neefilitha ezibanzi zebhendi. Oku kusebenza kuphela kwimeko yabo banesigulo abasabela kwimitha yelanga; ziluncedo oluncinci xa i-urticaria iqaliswa kukukhanya okubonakalayo.
Olunye ukhetho lokunyanga iimpawu kukuthatha antihistamines. Oku kuhlala kufezekisa kuphela ukuphuculwa kokunyamezelana kokukhanya. Izigulana ezibuthathaka kakhulu ezisabela emva kwemizuzwana embalwa elangeni nge-urticaria zixhamla kancinane kolu nyango. I-Antihistamines inhibit kuphela ukurhawuzelela kunye nemingxunya, kodwa hayi ukuba bomvu kwesikhumba.
Enye indlela yonyango oluqhelekileyo (ukuqina). Olu nyango luneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbalwa, kodwa luyabiza. Kolu nyango ekuqaleni kuphela ngamalungu omzimba akhanyiselwe kukukhanya kwi-urticaria-inducing wavelength okanye ukukhanya kwe-UVA (UVA-lukhuni); Kamva umzimba uphela ukhanyisiwe. Kwimeko yabanye abagulayo, oku kubangela ukunyamezelwa kwelanga okuhle kwiintsuku nje ezimbalwa.
Uxinzelelo lwe-urticaria
Abacebisi
Iiyure ezine ukuya kwezisibhozo emva kokuba umntu egula ephantsi koxinzelelo, olusebenza ngokuthe nkqo, (lokulibaziseka) koxinzelelo lwe-urticaria, ebangela ukudumba okunzulu, okuhlala kubuhlungu kunokuqhubeka phakathi kweeyure ezisibhozo ukuya kwezingama-48. Ngokwonyango, uxinzelelo lwe-urticaria lunokunxulunyaniswa nokudinwa, iintlungu zomzimba, kunye nokunyuka kobushushu kancinci. Njengefom eyahlukileyo, uxinzelelo lwe-urticaria, kunye nesabelo se- <1% yazo zonke i-urticaria, kubonakala kunqabile; Ngokwesiqhelo inxulunyaniswa ne-urticaria engapheliyo, kwaye ihlala ibonakala ngembali ende.
Amacandelo omzimba aphantsi koxinzelelo, njengeentende, iintende, amagxa kunye nomqolo, zichaphazeleka kakhulu. Amadoda achaphazeleka kabini kunabafazi. Incopho iminyaka engama-30. Ixesha de ukuxolelwa ngokukhawuleza kuyiminyaka emithandathu ukuya kweyisithoba.
Ngokuyintloko, inkqubo yokuqonda isifo ibandakanya uvavanyo loxinzelelo, olufundwa kwangoko kwaye kulibaziseka iiyure ezintandathu.
unyango
Unyango, ukuhanjiswa kobunzima ngaphezulu kwendawo enkulu ukunciphisa uxinzelelo kuyacetyiswa. Imiphetho ke ngoko kufuneka ithintelwe. Kwakhona, izigulana ezingonwabanga ngeenyawo zinokuncedwa kukufaka kuphela. Amanqanaba aphezulu e-antihistamines anokuphucula iimpawu.
Ukungcangcazela urticaria
Yenzeka kwiindawo ezininzi, i-urticaria engcangcazelayo okanye i-angioedema yentshukumo yangaphakathi yenzeke ngexesha lokungcangcazela okunamandla okunokwenzeka ngokunxulumene nokusetyenziswa kwe-jackhammer. Isizathu sihlala sicacile.
Esi sifo kunqabile ukuba sibonwe, kuba yinxalenye encinci yabemi echaphazeleke kukungcangcazela okunje.
Ngenxa yobudlelwane obonwayo obucacileyo, ukuthintelwa kwezinto ezibangela ukuba unyango lukhetho kule meko.