I-Asma eMandundu- iGlobal Allergy & Airways Patient Patient

Fumanisa iinyani malunga nesifuba esinobungozi, iimpawu zayo nendlela ezahluke ngayo kwezinye iintlobo zesifuba kunye neendlela zokonyango ezikhoyo.

Yintoni isifo sombefu esiqatha?

Isifo sombefu esibuhlungu luhlobo lwesifo sombefu esingasabeli kakuhle kumgangatho unyango lwesifuba. Iimpawu ngokwenkcazo, zinamandla ngakumbi kuneempawu zesiqhelo zomoya kwaye zinokuhlala ixesha elide. Abantu abanesifo sombefu esibuhlungu badla ngokufumana iimpawu ezingapheliyo nezinzima ukuzilawula.

Ukuba nesifuba esibi kakhulu kunokuba nefuthe elikhulu kubomi bemihla ngemihla, kuchaphazela imikhwa yemihla ngemihla, ukusebenza kunye nobomi bentlalo, kunokuchaphazela abantwana kunye nabantu abadala, kwaye kunokukhula nangaliphi na ixesha. Nangona kunjalo, kunqabile kakhulu kunesiqhelo ukuxilongwa kwesifuba, echaphazela abantu abangaphantsi kwe-10%.

Nangona kunokuba nzima ukujamelana nayo, kwaye kungathatha ixesha ukufumana indibaniselwano yonyango elungileyo, inokulawulwa ngokufanelekileyo. Kubalulekile ukuba uzijonge ngononophelo ngokuthatha amayeza akho ngokuchanekileyo njengoko kumiselwe, ukuphononongwa rhoqo kwesifuba, ukuqonda isifo sakho se-asthma kunye nokunxibelelana neqela lakho lokhathalelo lwempilo, ukuze bazi ukuba bangayilungisa nini kwaye njani indlela yonyango.

Nguwuphi umahluko phakathi kwesifuba esibi kunye nesifuba esinganyangekiyo?

bonke iintlobo zesifo sombefu, nokuba ithambile, imodareyitha okanye inzima, zihlala zingapheliyo, iimeko zexesha elide. Isifo sombefu esinganyangekiyo sahlulwe yinyani yokuba asiphenduli kakuhle kunyango lwesifuba kunye namayeza.

Yintoni i-asthma ebukhali?

Isifuba sombefu esinamandla lelinye igama lesifo sombefu esiqatha. Omabini la magama abhekisa kwisifo esinganyangekiyo sokuvuvukala kwomoya oqhele ukubonakaliswa yi-bronchial hyperreactivity.

Umfazi omnyama one-inhaler — Ukudubula okunqunyiwe komfazi omncinci onomtsalane usebenzisa impompo ngexesha lokuhlaselwa sisifuba kwigumbi lakhe lokuhlala

Iimpawu zesifuba esibi

Iimpawu ziquka:

Ukuhlahlela
Ukugubha
Ukuphefumula okunzima
Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
Ubungqina bentloko
Iintlungu zesifuba
Ukuhlaselwa sisifo sombefu.

Iimpawu zinokungaqiniseki kwaye zenzeke emini nasebusuku. Banokuchaphazela ubomi bemihla ngemihla babantu kunye nokukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yesiqhelo. Ukuba iimpawu ze-asthma ezinzima azilawulwa ngokufanelekileyo, zinokuba nzima kakhulu.

Iimpawu zesifo se-asthma esibi

Ukuba ngequbuliso uhlaselwa sisifo sombefu, emva koko unokufumana enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi mpawu zilandelayo:

Umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kwimilebe yakho, ubuso okanye iinzipho
Uziva ukuba kufuneka uphakame okanye uhlale ukuze uzame ukuphefumla ngokulula
Ndiziva ndididekile okanye ndikhathazekile
Ukungakwazi ukuthetha izivakalisi ezipheleleyo
Uziva uphefumla kancinci kwaye awukwazanga ukuwukhupha okanye uwukhuphe ngokupheleleyo
Ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza
Iimpawu ezingangcono emva kokusebenzisa i-reliever inhaler.

Ngokuhlaselwa sisifo sombefu kakhulu, iimpawu zesiqhelo zokuphefumla okanye zokukhohlela zisenokungabi mandundu. Kungenxa yokuba indlela yakho yomoya inokuchaphazeleka kangangokuba ungafumani moya owaneleyo ngaphakathi okanye ngaphandle kwemiphunga yakho ukuze ubangele isandi esirhabaxa okanye wenze ukhohlele.

Ingxamisekileyo yezonyango kwaye kuya kufuneka uye esibhedlele kwangoko. Xa kuthelekiswa nokuhlaselwa sisifo sombefu esingapheliyo esinokuhlala nje imizuzu embalwa, uhlaselo olubi lwe-asthma lunokuhlala ukusuka kwiiyure ukuya kwiintsuku kwaye lunokuba semngciphekweni wobomi ukuba luyekwanga lunganyangwa.

Izixhobo zovavanyo

Isixhobo sovavanyo lokuqina kwesifuba

Ukulungiswa komoya

Isiphumo esinexesha elide esinokubakho sesifo sombefu, kwaye ngakumbi esingalawulwa kakuhle, yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yindlela yokulungisa indlela yomoya.

Ukuba uhlala uhlaselwa sisifo sombefu okanye uninzi lweempawu zesifuba ongakhange ukwazi ukuzilawula, iindlela zakho zomoya ziya kuba nkulu, zivutha ngakumbi kwaye zibenamanxeba ngokuhamba kwexesha. Oku kuthetha ukuba indlela yomoya iyacutheka - yenza ukuba kube nzima ukuphefumla, nto leyo eyenza ukuba iimpawu zakho zibe mandundu.

Esi sesinye sezizathu zokuba kutheni kubalulekile ukuphatha i-asthma ngokukuko, nokuba kungabonakala kunzima kangakanani na nesifo sombefu. Ngolawulo olufanelekileyo, unokunciphisa umngcipheko wokulungiswa kwendlela yomoya eyenzekayo.

Unyango lwe-asthma ebukhali

Akukho namnye unyango okanye amayeza isisombululo. Wonke umntu uchaphazeleka ngokwahlukileyo kwaye into esebenza kakuhle komnye umntu ayinakuba nefuthe komnye. Amayeza afanayo anokumiselwa njengomntu onesifo se-asthma, kodwa kwidosi ephezulu kakhulu.

Unyango lwe-asthma ebukhali lujolise ekuzameni ukulawula iimpawu. Uya kumiselwa amayeza kunye nonyango lokulawula ukudumba kwindlela yakho yomoya kunye nokuthintela ukonakala kwemiphunga. Uyakwacetyiswa ukuba unciphise umngcipheko wokudibana nesifo se-asthma kangangoko kunokwenzeka, njengoko oku kuya kunciphisa umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa sisifuba.

Njengesiqalo, wonke umntu onesifo sombefu umiselwe:

I-reliever inhaler- ihlala iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, le inhaler isetyenziselwa ukubonelela ngesiqabu xa uyidinga kwaye kufuneka ihanjiswe nawe ngalo lonke ixesha.
I-inhaler yokukhusela-ihlala ibrown, iqulethe i-corticosteroids enceda ukunciphisa ukudumba kunye nokudumba kwindlela yomoya. Oku kufuneka kuthathwe yonke imihla, njengoko kumiselwe ngugqirha wakho.

Ukuba ufunyaniswe unesifo se-asthma, kufuneka uthethe nogqirha wakho malunga nokuthunyelwa kwiklinikhi ekhethekileyo. Ngelixa ezinye iindlela zonyango zokuqala zinikezela ngoonesi abanesifo sesifuba abanokubonelela ngenkxaso yeengcali.

Amayeza ongezelelweyo esi sifo sombefu

Ukongeza kwi-reliever kunye ne-inhaler yokukhusela, i-asthmatics enzima inokumiselwa olunye unyango. Kuya kufuneka uzame iindlela ezininzi ngaphambi kokuba umboneleli wakho wezempilo afumane ukhetho olufanelekileyo kwiimfuno zakho.

Ukongeza kwi-inhalers, ukhetho kunyango lubandakanya:

I-bronchodilators esebenza ixesha elide (i-LBAs) -ezinokongezwa kwisithinteli inhaler kwaye zincede ukugcina iindlela zomoya zivulekile ubuncinci iiyure ezili-12.
I-Leukotriene receptor antagonists (i-LTRAs) - ithebhulethi engeyo-steroid enceda ukuthomalalisa iindlela zomoya ezivuthayo, ukuvimba iziphumo ze-leukotrienes (iimolekyuli ezivuthayo) kunye noncedo lwee-aleji.
Ukusebenza ixesha elide kwe-muscarinic receptor antagonists (LAMAs) -ifom ye-bronchodilator esebenza ixesha elide enokusebenza iiyure ezili-12 ukuya kwezi-24.
I-beta-agonists esebenza ixesha elide (i-LABAs) -enye indlela ye-bronchodilator esebenza ixesha elide esetyenziselwa ukuphumla izihlunu kwiindlela zomoya.
Ukukhupha kancinci i-theophylline-ithebhulethi engeyo-steroid enceda ukukhulula izihlunu ezigudileyo kwindlela yomoya, eyenza ukuba umoya uhambe ngokulula.
I-beta-2 ye-agonists emfutshane-esebenza ngendlela enokusetyenziswa xa kusenzeka iimpawu zesifuba.
Ii-steroids zemihla ngemihla-ezi zichazwa kwithebhulethi okanye kwifomathi engamanzi kwaye luhlobo lweyeza elichasayo. Basebenza ngokunceda ukunciphisa ubuntununtunu kwiindlela zomoya.
Ama-antibodies e-Monoclonal (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-mAbs okanye i-biologics) -indlela entsha yonyango lwesifo sombefu esingalawulekiyo. Basebenza ngokuthintela umsebenzi wamakhemikhali omzimba abangela ukuvuvukala komoya.

Kwezinye iimeko, i-bronchial thermoplasty inokucetyiswa. Olu luhlobo lwenkqubo yotyando apho ityhubhu eguqukayo idluliselwa kumoya womoya emiphungeni ukuze ihambise uhlobo oluthile lonyango lobushushu. Kuhlala kunyango losuku nge-anesthetic yendawo, kodwa inokubandakanya isidingo seeseshoni ezininzi.

Kuya kufuneka ufumane ugonyo lomkhuhlane unyaka nonyaka ekuqaleni kwexesha lomkhuhlane. Umkhuhlane uchaphazela inkqubo yokuphefumla kwaye unokuhlala ukuya kuthi ga kwiiveki ezimbini, oko kuthetha ukuba kunokuba sisongelo kubomi kumntu onesifuba esinamandla. Kubalulekile ukukhetha ifoto, hayi ukutshiza ngeempumlo, okunokubangela iimpawu zesifuba.

Ukutshintsha indlela yokuphila ukunceda isifo sombefu esibi

Kananjalo amayeza, kukho utshintsho kwindlela onokuyenza olunokukunceda.

Gcina ubunzima obusempilweni kunye nokuzilolonga rhoqo. Ukuba uthatha idosi yexesha elide yecorticosteroids yomlomo, zinokunyusa umdla wokutya kwaye zibangele ukutyeba. Kunokuba nzima ukulawula ubunzima bakho ngesifo sombefu esibuhlungu, njengoko iimpawu zakho zinokwenza umthambo ube nzima ngakumbi, kwaye usenokungabi namandla kunye nenkuthazo ukuba uziva ungaphilanga. Kodwa nangokwenza utshintsho oluncinci kwindlela otya ngayo kunye nenqanaba lomsebenzi, unokwenza umahluko.
Yeka ukutshaya. ukutshaya ngowona mngcipheko uphambili wokuhlaselwa sisifo sombefu, kwanokunxulunyaniswa nezinye iingxaki zempilo. Ukuba uyatshaya kwaye unesifuba, kufuneka uzame ukuyeka. Funa uncedo kugqirha wakho, umongikazi okanye iqela eliyeka ukutshaya ukunceda wenze utshintsho.
Yenza imithambo yokuphefumla. Ukuziqhelanisa rhoqo umthambo wokuphefumla kunokuba luncedo njengoko zinceda ukuphucula amandla emiphunga, amandla kunye nempilo. Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo ezifanelekileyo kwi-asthmatics, ezinye zazo zifundiswa ziingcali okanye ngabaqeqeshi bomzimba, kwaye kulula ukuzifunda nokuzilolonga ekhaya.
Ukunciphisa amanqanaba oxinzelelo. Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo- olunokuba sisitshixo esiphambili sesifuba-kubandakanya i-yoga, ukucamngca okanye ukuziqhelanisa nokucinga kwindlela yakho yokuphila kunokuba luncedo.

Ngaphambi kokwenza naluphi na utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila, licebo elihle ukuxoxa ngale nogqirha wakho okanye umongikazi wesifuba kuqala. Oku kuyabavumela ukuba batyikitye inkxaso eyongezelelweyo kwaye bacebise naluphi na uhlengahlengiso ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zakho ezithile. Abahlobo bakho, usapho kunye nomqeshi banakho ukusebenza njengabaxhasi, bakuncede wenze uhlengahlengiso kwikhaya lakho nakubomi bomsebenzi.

Izixhobo zonyango eziluncedo

Uthintelo kunye nolawulo lwe-asthma ebukhali

Ngaphandle kokuthatha amayeza akho njengoko kumiselweyo, eyona ndlela yokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa sisifo sombefu kunye neempawu eziba mandundu kukuthintela izinto ezinokubangela ukuba ubenakho.

Njengengxenye yesicwangciso sakho solawulo lwe-asthma, kubalulekile ukubeka iliso kwiimpawu zakho ze-asthma ezinzima. Kuyanceda ukugcina irekhodi elibhaliweyo leempawu zakho, xa zisenzeka kunye naziphi na izinto ezinokubangela ukubandakanyeka. Umzekelo, iimpawu zakho zinokubangelwa yimeko yokusingqongileyo, njengepollen yonyaka. Kubafazi, utshintsho kumanqanaba eehomoni lunokuzenza mandundu izinto.

Ngokujonga iipateni unokufunda ukuthatha inyathelo ngaphambi kokuba iimpawu zibe mandundu. Ingxelo inokuthi isebenze njengendlela yokukhuthaza, ibalaselisa indlela izinto eziphuculwe ngayo ngokuhamba kwexesha. Kukwabalulekile ukuba ukwazi ukubonisa umongikazi wesifuba okanye ugqirha ngexesha lokuqeshwa.

Ulwazi oluthe kratya: ii-webinars kunye neemodyuli zokufunda

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"Ungenamphefumlo, Ibali Lobomi Nesifo Sombefu Esiqatha" bukela uxwebhu olupheleleyo kwaye ufunde ngakumbi Apha.
“Itshata yokuphucula ukukhathalelwa kwabaguli kwisifo sombefu” ingafundwa Apha.