Xa ukhona ufunyaniswe ukuba uneCOPD (Isifo esingapheliyo sePulmonary Disease), kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba uyilawula njani imeko yakho. Nangona kungekho lunyango lwe-COPD, ulawulo olufanelekileyo lunokunceda ukunciphisa inkqubela phambili, ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuqina kunye nokugcina iimpawu ziphantsi kolawulo.

Ilawulwa njani i-COPD?

I-COPD ilawulwa ngohlobo lonyango kunye notshintsho kwindlela yokuphila esempilweni. Nazi izigaba ezahlukeneyo zeCOPD, ke unyango kunye nesicwangciso solawulo esinconyelweyo usenokwahluka kancinane kumntu ofunyaniswe ukuba une-COPD ethe kratya.

Unyango lweCOPD

Ezinye eziqhelekileyo Unyango lweCOPD ezinokumiselwa zibandakanya:

  • Amayeza angenayo abizwa ngokuba yi-bronchodilators, anceda ukukhulula izihlunu ezijikeleze umoya wakho
  • I-Steroid inhalers ukunciphisa ukudumba kwiindlela zakho zomoya
  • Unyango lweoksijini ukuba uneqondo eliphantsi leoksijini
  • Inkqubo yokuvuselela imiphunga yokukunceda ufunde ukuphefumla ngokulula.

Kwiimeko ezinzima, kwaye ukuba olunye unyango alusebenzi, kunokucetyiswa utyando lokususa amalungu emiphunga akho.

Ulawulo lokuphefumla uqeqesho lweCOPD

Ukuphefumla sisitshixo uphawu lweCOPD, kwaye ke ukufunda iindlela zokuphefumla kunye imithambo yolawulo lokuphefumla inokukunceda ukuba ulawule ngokukuko. Ukuzivocavoca okunje ngomlomo olandelweyo okanye ubuchule be diaphragmatic kufanelekile ukuziqhelanisa rhoqo. Banokukunceda ukomeleza izihlunu ozisebenzisayo xa uphefumla kwaye zikonyuse ukuzithemba kwakho, ke uya kwazi ukuphatha izinto ukuba zikhona iimpawu.

Ukuzivocavoca ngeCOPD

Kungabonakala kunzima ukwenza umthambo kunye neCOPD, kodwa ukuzilolonga rhoqo kunokunceda ekunciphiseni ezinye zeempawu zakho kwaye kuyinto ebalulekileyo kulawulo lweCOPD. Izinto ezinje ngokuhamba, ukuhamba ngebhayisikile, okanye imithambo eyomeleleyo ziluncedo kuwe emzimbeni, kodwa zilungile nakwimpilo yakho yeemvakalelo.

Ukuziqhelanisa nemithambo yokuphefumla kuya kukubeka endaweni elungileyo yokwenza imisebenzi ebonakalayo, njengoko uya kuba nakho ngakumbi ukuphefumla ngokufanelekileyo kwiimfuno zakho kwaye kuya kuphucula ukuba ungakanani umthambo okwaziyo ukukwenza.

Ukutya kweCOPD

Njengeminye imeko yezempilo, ukutya ukutya okunesondlo kuyanceda. Ukuba utyebe kakhulu, unokufumanisa ukuba uphefumla ngakumbi kwaye ke ukunciphisa umzimba kunokunceda. Ukudibanisa ukutya okusempilweni kunye nokuzilolonga rhoqo kunokunceda kokubini ukunciphisa kunye nokugcina ubunzima.

Ukuphila ngokweemvakalelo

Ukuhlala neCOPD kunokubeka uxinzelelo kwimpilo yakho yengqondo kunye neemvakalelo, kwaye kunokuba nzima kubahlobo okanye kusapho ukuba bakubone ungaphilanga. Ukuhlala ujongana neempawu zeCOPD, ezinje ngokukhohlela kunye nokuphefumla, kunokukudinwa kwaye kukushiye uzive uxhalabile, uxinezelekile, okanye uphantsi. Kananjalo, oku kunokukwenza ukuba ungabinakho ukusebenza, okunokuba nefuthe kwiimpawu zakho zomzimba.

Kubalulekile ukuba uzijonge kwaye uthathe ixesha lokuziqhelisa. Yenza ixesha lokugxila kuwe, nokuba kukufunda incwadi, ukubukela ifilimu, okanye ukuphuma uyokwenza ikofu. Thetha nabanye abantu malunga nendlela oziva ngayo kwaye ucinga ngokufumana iqela lenkxaso lendawo okanye kwi-Intanethi ukuze ujoyine. Ukuthetha nomcebisi nako kunganceda. Awudingi ukulawula i-COPD kuphela.

Ugonyo kunye neCOPD

I-COPD inokunyusa umngcipheko wakho kusulelo kwaye yenze kube nzima ukulwa nayo. Kubalulekile ukuba ne-jab yonyaka yomkhuhlane, ugonyo lwe-pneumococcal (i-one-off), kwaye COVID-19 izitofu. Ukuba awumenywanga ngokuzenzekelayo ukuba ubenabo, thetha nogqirha wosapho lwakho.

Yintoni icebo lolawulo lweCOPD?

Isicwangciso solawulo lweCOPD sisikhokelo sendlela yokulawula imeko yakho mihla le. Xa ufunyanisiwe, kusenokwenzeka ukuba ugqirha wakho kunye neqela lezonyango liyakukunceda ubeke isicwangciso sokuzilawula, ukuze ukwazi ukuqonda iziseko zendlela efanelekileyo yokulawula imeko.

Isicwangciso solawulo lweCOPD silungiselelwe iimfuno zakho kwaye siya kwahluka ngokwenqanaba apho iCOPD yakho ikhoyo. Esi sesinye sezizathu zokuba kubalulekile ukuba uhlolwe rhoqo kunye nokuphononongwa kwezonyango, ke inkqubela phambili yakho inokujongwa kwaye nesicwangciso sakho solawulo sihlengahlengiswe.

Isicwangciso sakho kufuneka sibandakanye amayeza amiselweyo, imithambo yokuphefumla, kunye nokutya kunye nokuzilolonga ngokufanelekileyo, kunye nenkxaso yeemvakalelo. Elinye icandelo eliphambili lesicwangciso solawulo lweCOPD kukuthintela izinto ezinokubangela ukuba kunokwenzeka. Oku kunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko weempawu eziba mandundu okanye ukubangela ukuvela.

Ezinye zezinto eziqhelekileyo ezibangela iimpawu zeCOPD kukungcola komoya, ukutshaya okutshaya, umsi weendlela, ukutshaya icuba nothuli. Ukuba ngoku uyatshaya, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ukuyeka ukutshaya ukunceda i-COPD yakho. Uphando lufumene ukuba ukuyeka ukutshaya kunokunciphisa umngcipheko wokulaliswa esibhedlele kwizigulana zeCOPD.

Yeyiphi eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokunyanga i-COPD?

Akukho lunyango lubalaseleyo lweCOPD enzima- unyango olucebiswa ngugqirha wakho luya kuxhomekeka ngokupheleleyo kwiimpawu zakho kunye neemeko, kwaye unyango lwakho luya kulungelelaniswa neemfuno zakho. Kwi-COPD enzima, unokufuna indibaniselwano yonyango, kunokuba unyango olunye.

Kwiimeko ezinzima zeCOPD, ngamanye amaxesha utyando luyafuneka ukususa iindawo ezonakeleyo zemiphunga, ukuvumela amalungu asempilweni ukuba asebenze ngcono. Kwimeko encinci yamatyala, ukufakelwa kwemiphunga kunokukhetha.

Kubalulekile ukuba unamathele kwisiqhelo esimiselweyo kunye neshedyuli ngayo nayiphi na amayeza owamiselweyo, njengoko oko kuya kukunika elona thuba lihle lokunciphisa iimpawu kunye nokuphepha ukulaliswa esibhedlele.

Luthini unyango lwamva nje lweCOPD?

Uphando kwiCOPD luyaqhubeka kwaye njengoko unyango olutsha lufunyanwa, ngokuthe ngcembe ziyafumaneka ukuzama. Kuthatha ixesha ukuba unyango olutsha luvunyiwe, nangona unganakho ukufikelela kuvavanyo lweklinikhi. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nezinto ezikhoyo kwingingqi yakho nokuba ngaba ungumgqatswa ofanelekileyo.

Roflumilast

Olunye lonyango olutsha lwe-bronchodilator kwizigulana ezinobunzima beCOPD yiRoflumilast, enokunceda nge-bronchitis engapheliyo kunye nembali yokuqaqanjelwa rhoqo. Ilawulwa ngohlobo lweepilisi kwaye inceda ukunciphisa ukudumba kwimimoya yomoya nasemiphungeni.

Utyando lwevalve
Utyando lwevalve ye-Endobronchial luhlobo olutsha longenelelo ngoncedo olujolise kubantu abane-emphysema. Kubandakanya ukubeka iivelufa ezincinci zeZephyr® kwiindlela zomoya ukuthintela iinxalenye zemiphunga ezonakalisiweyo. Le nkqubo inokunceda ukunciphisa uxinzelelo kwi-diaphragm yakho, incede iindawo ezisempilweni zemiphunga yakho ukuba zisebenze ngokufanelekileyo, kunye nokunciphisa ukuphefumla.

Biologics
Kwixesha elizayo, kunokwenzeka ukuba iziyobisi zebhayoloji zeCOPD zinokuba yindawo eqhelekileyo. I-Biologics ngamachiza enziwe okanye aqukethe imithombo yebhayiloji kwaye anokunceda ekunyangeni nasekukhuseleni ukudumba kwindlela yomoya. Uphando luyaqhubeka ngokusebenza kwonyango lwe-COPD.

Fumana ukuba ungayilawula njani ngcono i-COPD yakho unyango kwaye ukuzivocavoca.

imithombo

Olona qheliselo luhle lweBMJ Izifo eziPhephayo eziPhezulu ezingapheliyo (COPD)

I-BNF. Isifo esinganyangekiyo semiphunga.

I-Kusumoto M, iMathis BJ. 2021. Unyango lwe-Biologic ye-Asthma kunye ne-Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder. Umzimba, 92-107.

Incwadi yeMSD. Izifo eziPhephayo eziPhezulu ezingapheliyo (COPD).

INTLE. 2019. Isifo esinganyangekiyo semiphunga esingapheliyo kwi-16s: isifo kunye nolawulo. Isikhokelo se-NICE NG115.

INTLE. 2016. Isifo esinganyangekiyo semiphunga kubantu abadala. Umgangatho QS10.

UVan Dijk M, uGan CT, uKoster TD okqhubekayo. 2020. Unyango lwe-COPD ezinzileyo: indlela ebanzi yokunyanga. Uphando oluvulekileyo lwe-ERJ 2020 6: 00322-2019; INGXELO: 10.1183 / 23120541.00322-2019